Background: The prevalence of abnormal Pap smear results in women is a critical public health issue that directly relates to the early detection and potential prevention of cervical cancer. The Pap smear, also known as the Pap test, is a screening procedure for cervical cancer. The aim of study is to show the Prevalence of abnormal Pap smear in women attending Gynecological clinic in Al- Kadhimya hospital in 2022-2023.

Method: Cross sectional study of 202 females attending Gynecological clinic in Al-Kadhimya hospital from period January 2022 to January 2023. All females have record data as following; Age groups (years), Mode of delivery, Contraception mode, heard cancer, know symptoms, doing pap smear, Have wart, Menopause, Gravida, Para, Abortion. And also all females record their symptoms and finally histopathological diagnosis (ASCUS, LSIL, NILM).

Results: In this study, significant associations were found between dysplasia and factors such as Pap smear history, with a higher percentage of patients with ASCUS not having done pap smear previously. Additionally, a significant association was observed between dysplasia and a history of wart, particularly among patients with ASCUS and LSIL. However, there were no significant associations between dysplasia and age groups, gravidity, parity, abortion, mode of delivery, contraception methods, knowledge of symptoms, and menopause status.

Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of regular cervical screening and HPV awareness for early detection of cervical dysplasia. While certain factors like reproductive history and contraception usage weren't significantly associated with dysplasia, comprehensive health education and accessible gynecological care remain essential for women's health. Public health initiatives should focus on increasing awareness, education, and access to cervical screening programs to prevent cervical abnormalities effectively.