Background: Diabetes mellitus represents a significant global health challenge, with conventional management strategies often falling short in achieving optimal patient outcomes. Homeopathic interventions have been proposed as complementary treatments in diabetes management. This systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of homeopathic medicines for diabetes in primary care settings.

Objective: To systematically assess and synthesize the evidence on the effectiveness of homeopathic interventions in managing diabetes, focusing on clinical outcomes, safety, and patient-reported outcomes in primary care.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus, up to [Insert Date]. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, and case-control studies that investigated homeopathic treatments for diabetes management. Data were extracted on study design, sample size, intervention specifics, outcomes measured, and results. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for RCTs and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for observational studies. Meta-analysis was performed where appropriate.

Results: 6 studies met the inclusion criteria, involving participants. The homeopathic interventions varied widely, including remedies. Evidence on the efficacy of these interventions was mixed, with some studies indicating modest improvements in glycemic control and quality of life, while others reported no significant effects. Safety profiles were generally favorable, with few adverse events reported. The quality of the included studies ranged from low to moderate, with limitations in study design and methodological rigor.

Conclusion: The current evidence on homeopathic interventions for diabetes management in primary care is inconclusive. While some studies suggest potential benefits, the overall quality of evidence is limited by methodological flaws and heterogeneity among studies. Further high-quality, well-designed RCTs are needed to establish the efficacy and safety of homeopathic treatments for diabetes. Clinicians should consider these findings in the context of individual patient needs and preferences.