Vol. 8, Issue 3, Part A (2025)

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is a micro-angiopathy brought on by the long-term effects of diabetes mellitus, it is the most typical vascular disease of the retina. Dyslipidemia is a frequent complication of diabetes mellitus and has been linked to the development of diabetic retinopathy. Prior researches offered contradictory proof for the link between circulating lipids and diabetic retinopathy. The study aims to evaluate the role of lipoprotein a, low density lipoprotein and cholesterol in patients who suffer from proliferative, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and the control.

Methods: The study involved (160) persons divided into four groups: (40) patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, (40) patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, (40) diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy and (40) healthy control persons. The study measure serum level of lipoprotein a, low density lipoprotein and cholesterol.

Results: The study shows that serum Lipoprotein a levels have statistically significant differences among the groups (p < 0.001), while serum levels of low density lipoprotein and cholesterol were not statistically significant among the groups.

Conclusion: The study show that serum level of lipoprotein a was higher in proliferative and non-proliferative retinopathy in patients with type II diabetes mellitus than in diabetic patients without retinopathy and control persons.